Free BookNonzero The Logic of Human Destiny

[Free PDF.jxTs] Nonzero The Logic of Human Destiny

[Free PDF.jxTs] Nonzero The Logic of Human Destiny

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Amazon.com ReviewNonzero, from New Republic writer Robert Wright, is a difficult and important book--well worth reading--addressing the controversial question of purpose in evolution. Using language suggesting that natural selection is a designer's tool, Wright inevitably draws the conclusion that evolution is goal-oriented (or at least moves toward inevitable ends independently of environmental or contingent variables). The underlying reason that non-zero-sum games wind up being played well is the same in biological evolution as in cultural evolution. Whether you are a bunch of genes or a bunch of memes, if you're all in the same boat you'll tend to perish unless you are conducive to productive coordination.... Genetic evolution thus tends to create smoothly integrated organisms, and cultural evolution tends to create smoothly integrated groups of organisms. Admittedly, it's as hard to think clearly about natural selection as it is to think about God, but that makes it just as important to acknowledge our biases and try to exclude them from our conclusions. It is this that makes Nonzero potentially unsatisfying to the scientifically literate. Time after time we've seen thinkers try to find in biological evolution a "drive toward complexity" that might explain all sorts of other phenomena from economics to spirituality. Some authors, like Teilhard de Chardin, have much to offer the careful reader who takes pains to read metaphorically. Others--legions of cranks--provide nothing but opaque diatribes culminating in often-bizarre assertions proven to nobody but the author. Wright is much closer to de Chardin along this axis; his anthropological scholarship is particularly noteworthy, and his grasp of world history is excellent. Unfortunately, he has the advocate's willingness to blind himself to disagreeable facts and to muddle over concepts whose clarity would be poisonous to his positions: try to pin him down on what he means by complexity, for example. Still, his thesis that human cultures are historically striving for cooperative, nonzero-sum situations is heartening and compelling; even though it's not supported by biology, it's not knocked down, either. If the reader can work around the undefined assumptions, Wright's charm and obvious interest in planetary survival make Nonzero a worthy read. If the first chapter's title--"The Ladder of Cultural Evolution"--makes you cringe, the last one--"You Call This a God"--will make you smile. --Rob Lightner The Future of Human Evolution - Nick Bostrom [1] For an argument that both geological and human history manifest such a trend towards greater complexity see (Wright 1999). For an opposing argument ... Zero-sum game - Wikipedia The zero-sum property (if one gains another loses) means that any result of a zero-sum situation is Pareto optimal. Generally any game where all strategies are ... How to Say Sorry in Customer Experience Failures Saying sorry is not admitting defeat. Its admitting youre human. Customers like that. Beloved companies regularly practice this important peace process ... Nonzero by Robert Wright - The New York Times The Calm Before the Storm. A great many internal and external portents (political and social upheaval moral and religious unease) have caused us all to feel more or ... Sam Altmans Manifest Destiny - The New Yorker Sam Altmans Manifest Destiny Is the head of Y Combinator fixing the world or trying to take over Silicon Valley? Moral Progress & Moral Truth? Philosophy Lounge The claim that there has been moral progress in history stated as a movement toward a transcendent moral truth raises a number of critical questions: First we can ... Systems Theory and management - a research agenda by Bruce ... Charlton BG Andras P. What is management and what do managers do? A systems theory account. Philosophy of Management. 2003; 3: 1-15. What is management and what do ... What is a Singleton? - Nick Bostrom's Home Page ABSTRACT. This note introduces the concept of a singleton and suggests that this concept is useful for formulating and analyzing possible scenarios ... Facets of Human Nature - Bill Meacham Introduction. The goal is to find out what human nature consists of in order to determine what is good for humans and hence what would constitute a fulfilling life. Category:Theories of history - Wikipedia Pages in category "Theories of history" The following 165 pages are in this category out of 165 total. This list may not reflect recent changes . ...
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